Cased-Based Reasoning

The development process of case-based learning approach is stated in the article. Firstly case-based reasoning defined as an approach that claims that our minds are filled with thousands of “cases” – some the stories of specific events and some more generalized, script like stories about common sequences of everyday events – and that intelligent behavior is based on a person’s ability to identify the important features of a new situation and retrieve the best-matching case from this large repertoire. After that relationship between learning by design (LBD) and the case-based reasoning  is defined in the article by sentence “ Learners can learn from the cases of others as well as from their own. Presentation sessions are designed so that students not only hear about the experiences of their peers but also process their peers’ experiences in order to be able to glean new ideas or provide advice”.

         

     1) How can we design a case for this approach?

     2) How can we combined the project based approach and case-based learning?

Cognitive Learning Theories

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8mo2CLSKJ8&list=UUKH7BtBwNKoKe_oHyG5pIFw

Cased-Based Reasoning

The article is about cased based reasoning and a short history of it. It discussed that as cased based learning will be helpful learning, student's learning have been carried out by taking advantage of each other's ideas and the relationship of learning by design between based learning event.
Learning by design's pedagogy includes a system of activity structures for the classroom and guidelines about teacher roles; roles peers should play in helping each other learn from experience; sequencing of individual, small group, and whole class activities;and phiysical and text resources that are needed.The LBD units are aimed at middle school students.LBD students consistently learn science content as well or better than comparison students.The other wise, cased based reasoning says nothing about collaboration; it focuses on individual minds only. But sharing experiences across groups in a classroom is a substantial pieces of what makes LBD successful.

Questions:

1. Could wrong learning be at the cased based learning?

2.How can we correct this wrong learnings of students?

According to case-based reasoning, our memory store millions cases so that we have many experiences. And we use previous experiences to solve problems in new conditions. It shouldn’t be forgotten individuals could best learn from their mistakes. Case-based reasoning has most effective model for promoting learning. Learning by Design (LBD) uses CBR’s theory of learning. Learning by Design like Project-based inquiry approach. LBD could use for middle school students. LBD include individual activities in design/redesign and investigate-explore phases. LBD activities are design and experiment, creating and refining design rules of thumb, poster session, plan design, pin-up session, test design, and gallery walk. Through LBD, students integrate a variety of science, design, collaboration, and communication practices. We must be careful CBR care about individual but it doesn’t care collaboration. LBD complete lack of collaboration with activities. In my opinion LBD activities should be make small groups. Students could understand and explain challenge through LBD activities. My questions:

Let’s say "I have experiences about something and of course you have experiences about same thing but yours are different mines ."  How we know which one of us is correct?  I think this situation is weakness case-based reasoning.

In my opinion, our learning system hasn’t substructure for CBR. How can we build it?

Case-Based Reasoning

This research tells about case-based reasoning’s contributions to learning science. Case-based reasoning’s cognitive model has been used as a framework for designing systems of classroom activities, classroom scripts, and roles for teachers and peers to promote learning from project and problem-solving experiences.  Real-life events is important in this research. If there is no real-life event, teacher can make an event and make a script. a scenario that is produced in an event as imaginary by teachers.Scenario must be suitable for students.

Researchers began to use the principles of case-based reasoning to design learning environments, including adult education, museums, K–12 classrooms, and undergraduate education. Case-based reasoning says nothing about collaboration; it focuses on individual minds only.

This approach was essential to the design of each of the computer systems and pedagogical approaches presented in this chapter.

-What are the limitations of this approach?

Case-Based Reasoning

Case-Based Reasoning explains how people apply their previous experiences to solve problems in new situations. Instead, case-based reasoning’s cognitive model has been used as a framework for designing systems of classroom activities, classroom scripts, and roles for teachers and peers to promote learning from project and problem-solving experiences. case-based reasoning providespowerful suggestions about how to make hands-on learning more effective:

1) make sure students have the opportunity to iteratively apply what they are learning – getting real feedback about what they’ve done so far, being helped to explain what happened if it was not what was expected, and having an opportunity to try again and again until they are successful and come

to a full understanding of what they are learning; and

2) make sure to involve students in discussions and activities that ask them to reflect on their experiences, extract what they are doing and learning, and articulate it for themselves or others. CBR suggests  resources that might be useful during learning – well-indexed libraries of expert cases and well-indexed libraries that hold the ideas and lessons learned by their peers – and activities that can enhance learning in any setting – writing cases to share with others, reading the cases of experts and preparing them for other students to learn from.

 

Questions:

 

1)What is the benefit of the writing his or her experiences for achieving other students goal?

 

Case-Based Reasoning

In this chapter case-based reasoning contribution to the science of learning are mentioned.In 1970 artifical intelligence and case-based reasoning based on cognitive science.Case-based reasoning began in 1980 on the initiative of the experts.The article told of case- based reasonig.In addition, examples of case-based reasoning is also included.Case-based reasoning in reaching the goals relating to,students to learn about each other’s experiences,seeing errors fixes, make the discussion, re-interpretation of experiences also provide an opportunity to pass on knowledge to everyday life.

In this approach, classroom activites,classroom commands, Project development, experiecces, problem solving is very important to ancourage and give feedback.Alot of our minds,event, stories of the moment and the story is available to associate with new situations is very important.Student will create case libraries. Students learn about each other’s experiances in these libraries.It is used for the computer systems.Case-based learning provides a deep learning and co-operation, communication, desing issues such as the student develops.The teacher must guide the student.

Questions:

1. Case- based reasoning approach how to apply science classes?

2. Are they any negative aspects of case-based reasoning approach?

Case-Based Reasoning

In this chapter, it tells about case-based reasoning’s contributions to learning science.

Case-Based Reasoning’s cognitive model is totally made up of a framework which is related to classroom activities, classroom scripts. Both teachers and students advance in learning from project and problem-solving experiences.

If a program is better at remembering the case, its details, as well as the connections between pieces of events, the better it would be reachable and practical for the case.

Case- Based Reasoning doesn’t speak of working collaboratively it only focuses on individual mind. Additionally this approach is needed for each computer’s design.