Case-Based Reasoning

Case-Based Reasoning explains how people apply their previous experiences to solve problems in new situations. Instead, case-based reasoning’s cognitive model has been used as a framework for designing systems of classroom activities, classroom scripts, and roles for teachers and peers to promote learning from project and problem-solving experiences. case-based reasoning providespowerful suggestions about how to make hands-on learning more effective:

1) make sure students have the opportunity to iteratively apply what they are learning – getting real feedback about what they’ve done so far, being helped to explain what happened if it was not what was expected, and having an opportunity to try again and again until they are successful and come

to a full understanding of what they are learning; and

2) make sure to involve students in discussions and activities that ask them to reflect on their experiences, extract what they are doing and learning, and articulate it for themselves or others. CBR suggests  resources that might be useful during learning – well-indexed libraries of expert cases and well-indexed libraries that hold the ideas and lessons learned by their peers – and activities that can enhance learning in any setting – writing cases to share with others, reading the cases of experts and preparing them for other students to learn from.

 

Questions:

 

1)What is the benefit of the writing his or her experiences for achieving other students goal?

 

Case-Based Reasoning

In this chapter case-based reasoning contribution to the science of learning are mentioned.In 1970 artifical intelligence and case-based reasoning based on cognitive science.Case-based reasoning began in 1980 on the initiative of the experts.The article told of case- based reasonig.In addition, examples of case-based reasoning is also included.Case-based reasoning in reaching the goals relating to,students to learn about each other’s experiences,seeing errors fixes, make the discussion, re-interpretation of experiences also provide an opportunity to pass on knowledge to everyday life.

In this approach, classroom activites,classroom commands, Project development, experiecces, problem solving is very important to ancourage and give feedback.Alot of our minds,event, stories of the moment and the story is available to associate with new situations is very important.Student will create case libraries. Students learn about each other’s experiances in these libraries.It is used for the computer systems.Case-based learning provides a deep learning and co-operation, communication, desing issues such as the student develops.The teacher must guide the student.

Questions:

1. Case- based reasoning approach how to apply science classes?

2. Are they any negative aspects of case-based reasoning approach?

Case-Based Reasoning

In this chapter, it tells about case-based reasoning’s contributions to learning science.

Case-Based Reasoning’s cognitive model is totally made up of a framework which is related to classroom activities, classroom scripts. Both teachers and students advance in learning from project and problem-solving experiences.

If a program is better at remembering the case, its details, as well as the connections between pieces of events, the better it would be reachable and practical for the case.

Case- Based Reasoning doesn’t speak of working collaboratively it only focuses on individual mind. Additionally this approach is needed for each computer’s design.

Cultivating Model-Based Reasoning in Science Education

I often use model in my classes. Especially I need to describe the structure of the abstract or very small size concepts. We use the models that must be realistic. It is too important for the learning concepts. Otherwise misconceptions can be consist by the students. At the same time models provides students motivation.

“G = m.g”  Is it a model?

Cultivating Model-Based Reasoning in Science Education

Model-Based learning rather active students in the process of learning by making some different artifacts. The aim of this learning model begins with that students find their own question. Then students answer this question by developing model themselves. In this process , students facing new question . Thus students have more in depth information. And this artifacts could wide variety of ways like ballons , computer programs or something related nature. In somuch that this model combines mathematic and science. For example ; students find by calculating the distance of the load in the hand location of the elbow from the antomical structure of human body by taking advantage of momentum. Model - based learning provide benefits for teachers. Because teachers have facility observe development process of students.

1-) What is the process that provide students to find their own question ?
2-) What could teachers do when students have difficulties in finding answer to question ?

Cultivating Model-Based Reasoning in Science Education

This article focus on model-based reasoning in science education. In my opinion this approach is an expected result of science nature. Curiosity, imagination and the effort of modeling the problems are the best reasons and the best result of the science. And the role of the teacher’s is clarified in this approach. The most significant idea in this article is that the modeling based reasoning is the common side of all science disciplines (education, history, engineering or ex.)

Questions:

        1)   Which kind of analogy is better the more digital based or more interactive one?

        2)    How can we modified the existing learning environment as suitable with model based reasoning approach ?

Model-based reasoning  contain a wide range of approaches and disciplines. For instance laboratory, history, ethnographic and pedagogical studies. Model-based reasoning has a goal that how students cultivate effective model or analogy. For example first graders students think that own fingers simulate popsicle sticks although they don’t think elbow model. But third grade students could think elbow model. Analogical mapping four types in model- based reasoning. There are physical microcosms, representational systems, syntactic models, and emergent models. All of these model types provide pose a questions, evaluate, revise, apply scientific method/process, deeper understanding, and defend own idea for students.  So that,  students obtain epistemic information. It shouldn’t be forgotten students work in small groups, they discussion their model’ s weaknesses and strengthnesses feature.  Students should be coordinated and should have different ideas. My questions:

How teacher manage classroom when student collect data?

When students present their solving if they persuade error epistemic  other students how teacher act?

Cultivating Model-Based Reasoning in Science Education

 

 

The approache encouraged students to generate and test their own causal conceptual models of scientific phenomena. In addition, there was an equal emphasis on leading the classroom members to monitor and reflect on their own progress in achieving this goal. The general intent was to scaffold for students a shift from the more typical role of following a prescr ibed sequence of activities dictated by the curriculum and teacher to one in which students became increasingly  capable devoloping their own experimental and observational plans for testing the adequacy of their current theory, comparing their theory and findings to those generated by others and then revising the model to improve its generality and predictive power.An emphasis on modeling entails changes

in students’ epistemic goals. Rather than working to find answers to questionposed by curiculum

designers or teachers, students learn to pose, evaluate, and pursue worthwhile questions of their own

 

 

Questions:

1)How do we use analogical mapping effectively during science lesson?

 

Cultivating Model-Based Reasoning in Science Education

In accordance with modeling perspective, a vital result of a students’ career requires that  they must be equipped with  extensible, general, and mathematically powerfull models.  It underlines the fact that science should not be ignored in any case. Unless a model is composed of without something,  one can not take up an activity. On the way of preparation process for a model,  content must be taken into account.

Modeling necessiates the fact that students  must have capability of evaulating, posing and pursuing  the questions that are worthwhile rather than only finding out the correct answer.

Cultivating Model-Based Reasoning in Science Education

Article discussed the importance of thinking in science-based teaching model.Modeling should be something that associated with a frequently asked question and reaching results.Model based thinking is useful for both teachers and students.Modelling allows for students ideas to visualize teachers.Models should be selected taking into consideration the students' patentials. Students can create their own problems evaluate and follow their learning .In spite of  students are able to contribute to those pre-receiving ,they create their own models by being creative.It provides that students can create their own models not as a appliers of the models that are in text books of students.
Question:1-How can model based learning use in classrooms?
              2-What is the role of teachers on model-based learning?